Bourdieus Theory Of Cultural Development - 1606 Words

Pierre Bourdieu’s cultural reproduction has transformed as well as influenced the literature field, following Alice Sullivan’s statement on the successful results of Bourdieu s theory: â€Å"Bourdieu s theory of cultural reproduction has been highly influential, and has generated a great deal of literature, both theoretical and empirical† (144). According to Bourdieu’s theory, based on his book Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgment of Taste, makes the declaration that higher levels of education will result in perceiving and comprehending the world around them much differently than a person with a much lower educational level. Bourdieu’s theory attributes this claim to the terms: cultural capital, cultural arbitrary and habitus, which are developed through education and rationalize how the higher social classes are made up of these different forms of capital. Also, this critical analysis of these different forms of capitals has been one of B ourdieu s major contributions to the study of educational processes: â€Å"The concept of cultural capital is one of Pierre Bourdieu s major contributions to the study and critical analysis of educational processes and the ways in which they are associated with socially unequal outcomes† (Moore 445). Given the success of Bourdieu’s theory in both literature and education, Bourdieu’s theory of cultural reproduction can be found in many genres of literature including the Latin American literature piece of Doà ±a Bà ¡rbara. The novel presentsShow MoreRelatedBourdieus Theory of Cultural Capital990 Words   |  4 Pages Bourdieu’s theory of cultural capital has been extremely influential, and has garnered a great deal of literature, both theoretical and empirical. Like Marx, Bourdieu posited that capital was the foundation of social life and dictated people’s position within the social hierarchy (Bourdieu 1986). According to Bourdieu, the more capital one possesses, the more prestigious a position one occupies in social life (Bourdieu 1986). In addition to that, Bourdieu extended Marx’s idea of capital beyond theRead MoreThe Application of Bourdieus Theory to Neoliberal Principles and Practices820 Words   |  3 Pagesideologies into a field that truly only benefits them, yet it is presented as a common interest to the whole group (Bourdieu. 1979: 79). This power can be exercised economically, politically and socially as long as it is legitimized. Application of Bourdieu’s theory to neoliberalism Bourdieu (1979: 80) once said, â€Å"The dominant fractions, whose power is based on economic and political capital, seek to impose the legitimacy of their domination either through their own symbolic production (discourse, writingsRead MoreA Comparison of Theories of Social Capital by Pierre Bourdieu and James Coleman2546 Words   |  11 PagesA Comparison of Theories of Social Capital by Pierre Bourdieu and James Coleman Social capital is a sociological theory which has gained increasing attention in recent years. Whilst Bourdieu can be credited with introducing the term to sociology, it was James Coleman who allowed the concept to gain widespread recognition, highlighting its importance as an individual notion. For Bourdieu social capital forms a part of an overarching theory of ‘fields’, ‘capital’ and their Read MoreHabermas and Bourdieu for World Peace664 Words   |  3 PagesThe idea of world peace implies there is a common understanding between diverse nations and cultures. Theories or perspectives concerning problems of peace and development, if understood dialectically, can shed light upon the conditions that regulate the use of language. Bourdieu’s conditions refer to the relations of power, whereas Habermas’ conditions refer to relations of reason. The implementation of a politically neutral language affords the opportunity for every sovereign individual to participateRead MoreEssay On Sugar Relationship1493 Words   |  6 Pagesultimately calls into question the exchange of beauty and youth in exchange for economic gain. The impact of austerity upon the younger generation: The austerity measure imposed by the economy on the latest generation has really resulted in the development and exponential growth of the sugar dating industry. The economic landscape has sculpted this industry in many ways from the point of view of a sugar baby. The rising cost of tertiary education is certainly one of the most cited reasons for enteringRead MoreCOMPARE AND CONTRAST BOURDIEUS APPROACH TO THE AGENCY/STRUCTURE DICHOTOMY WITH THAT OF GIDDENS2727 Words   |  11 PagesCOMPARE AND CONTRAST BOURDIEUS APPROACH TO THE AGENCY/STRUCTURE DICHOTOMY WITH THAT OF GIDDENS In recent years, several authors have attempted to deal with the problem of the relationship between agency and social structure. This has manifested itself in the theory of structuration. Anthony Giddens structuration theory is one of the best-known and most articulated efforts to integrate agency and structure. His theory proposes a duality of structure, in that agency and structure cannot be seenRead MoreRepresentation Of Class And Class Struggle1166 Words   |  5 Pagesarticulation of race in the historical development and Capitalism. Thus they assert that the past, and present practices and histories of other races, cultures’ and cultures practices thwart the totalizing attempt of the earlier theorist like Gramsci and Bourdieu. Chakrabarty and Hall argue that other societies local as well as cultural practices [Chakrabarty], as well as the articulation of race [Hall], play an intricate part in historical development as they integrate theories of non-white, female, and n on-WesternRead MoreAdditionally, In His Book â€Å"Distinction,† Bourdieu Discusses1321 Words   |  6 PagesAdditionally, in his book â€Å"Distinction,† Bourdieu discusses cultural capital and the way people use classes of classifications while classifying one another. As habitus, fields and cultural capital develop distinct of different class factions within social spaces, of the â€Å"sacred† sphere of culture that legitimates social order. Therefore, people undoubtedly know their place within society as well quickly identify other individuals who are within their class are other factions of society that areRead MoreThe History Of The Library Profession938 Words   |  4 PagesJohn Ambrosio (2013), reflecting on the history of the library profession, invokes Antonio Gramsci, who said that a critical understanding of the self also requires the development of an ethical stance, a set of values, principles, and virtues to guide one’s moral conduct (Amb rosio, 2013, p. 328). Lacking such ethics or praxis, librarians are vulnerable to the dominant political ideology. â€Å"The way to overcome paralysis is the consciousness of what one really is and knowing oneself. It begins withRead MoreThe Importance Of Improving Leadership Strategies972 Words   |  4 Pagesto therefore encourage and support new strategies, middle leaders need to be unified and focused, supporting each other with peer-to-peer development (Hargreaves, 2011). It is argued in the IPPR ‘Excellence and Equality’ report (Clifton ed., 2013) that the attainment gap found between students in school, will not be reduced unless there is focus upon a development of outstanding leadership. OFSTED (2014) also posed that the schools making the most significant progress for disadvantaged pupils were

Around Seventy Eight Years Ago, World War Two Was Inevitable

Around seventy eight years ago, World War Two was inevitable and would last for six years, while becoming one of the world’s greatest conflicts. With the catastrophic effects of The Great War, the further advancement of current technology and the advent of newer warfare, World War Two was set to be the turning point of the twentieth century. The war caused the Berlin wall to separate Germany, it indirectly caused the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union. World War Two’s legacy includes The Holocaust, the bombing of Pearl Harbor, and the first use of atomic bombs. The United States’ use of the first atomic bombs has great complications, however the act is justified because of Japan’s reluctance to surrender, the amount of†¦show more content†¦Even so, many more could have died if bombs had not been dropped. Although the atomic bombs killed thousands in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, it is widely believed that if the bombs were not dropp ed, many more would have died from air raids, and ongoing warfare. According to Michael Schaller, â€Å"On June 18 Truman approved plans for a November invasion of Japan on the assumption that the atomic bomb would not be ready and it would be desirable to have Russian assistance.† ⠁ ¶ Had this November invasion happened, it can be concluded that there would have been a staggering amount of deaths, in addition to the deaths that would occur from the air raids and other causes. After the bombs dropped, Hirohito, the Emperor of Japan at the time said, â€Å"prolonging the war would only destroy Japan and threaten all human civilization.† ⠁ · However, prior to the bombs, the Japanese would have fought to the death for their country and their pride due to their relentless fighting. Therefore, by dropping the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the U.S saved lives that would have otherwise been killed in an invasion by the Allied forces. The lives that were lost i n the bombs are a significant reminder of how powerful that technology was. The United StatesShow MoreRelatedPaine s The Age Of Reason1192 Words   |  5 PagesPaine (1737 - 1809) Anglo-American political activist / philosopher. Author of The Age of Reason. - - - Common Sense was an addressing for the America people, I doubt Thomas Paine intended the book to go beyond print and into the realm of digital media eight years ago. Now America again is about to elect another commander and chief on November 8th, I felt it was time to reinstate the words of Thomas Paine s Common Sense; it s avidly a man s sentiment for a nation; whereby comprehendingRead MoreEssay on The Pros and Cons of Wal-Mart1656 Words   |  7 Pagesthe United States, but around the world. Founder of the billion dollar industry, Sam Walton, did expect success from his endeavor, but no one could have foreseen just how influential the retail store would be. Wal-Mart is an astonishingly successful business with humble beginnings, but may have a rocky road ahead in terms of social issues due to the treatment of employees and its strong effects on the economy. Born on March 29, 1918 in Kingfisher, Oklahoma, Sam Walton was said to have excelled atRead MoreErnest Hemingway Essay6491 Words   |  26 Pageshis career as a writer, he presented himself to the world as a man’s man, a sportsman, a street-wise reporter, a heroic, battle-scared soldier, and an aficionado of the Spanish bullfight, among other talents. His legend and mastery of so many abilities almost seems to colossal for one man, yet those who knew him say he was a crack shot, an expert amateur boxer, and a considerable military genius. All of these aspects made Hemingway the writer he was, along with his dedication to his craft. His workRead MoreThe Boiling Frog Theory on Population6400 Words   |  26 Pagesdebt. Cultural examples exist as well. About six thousand years ago the goddess-worshipping societies of Old Europe were engulfed in a boiling up of our culture that Marija Gimbutas called Kurgan Wave Number One; they struggled to clamber out but eventually succumbed. The Plains Indians of North America, who were engulfed in another boiling up of our culture in the 1870s, constitute another example; they struggled to clamber out over the next two decades, but they too finally succumbed. A contraryRead MorePoor Student Achievement Caused By Success For Students And Undermining The Great Country3273 Words   |  14 Pagescountry throughout the world for its freedom, riches, enterprise, â€Å"God given rights†, and beautiful sights. Millions of immigrants, every year, have taken refuge throughout the great country to provide a suitable life for themselves and their children. America is seen as a country with greater and brighter opportunities than most. Unfortunately, it is questionable that our children are truly inevitable to achieving a refine future? A person’s childhood, more specifically the years he or she spend attendingRead MoreMilitary Budget Spending And Effects3451 Words   |  14 Pagesthat deserves not only a term paper, but possibly a book. There is loads of information both in book format and on the internet that clearly describes military budget and spending, namely the United States military and spending. The United States was found in 1776 on the principles of liberty and the pursuit of happiness, which just so happens to be a movie of the same title, the Pursuit of Happiness. We became a nation of immigrants and were united by a common belief that we would not be governedRead More The Impact of the Oil Crisis on the American Economy Essay5555 Words   |  23 Pagesat the current oil situation, it is important to understand the times of oil crisis in our country?s past. Through the years between 1970 and 2000, the price of oil has risen and fallen in often-drastic amounts. It is these price fluxuations in crude oil that has caused fuel prices to vary and the economy of the United States to be volatile. Throughout the past twenty years there have been several drastic changes in oil prices. 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Pompei and Herculaneum Religious Archaeology Free Essays

Being one of the most fascinating and cataclysmic events in Ancient Rome, The violent eruption of Mount Vesuvius ultimately destroyed a set of unique and culturally significant societies from Rome. With Pompeii and Herculaneum’s unique culture came their widely influenced and varied religion. Religion of which had no one following, one god or one origin. We will write a custom essay sample on Pompei and Herculaneum Religious Archaeology or any similar topic only for you Order Now Both societies housed many cults and religions, many of which were adopted by citizens after foreign influences, significantly from the Hellenic civilizations. Pompeii was evidently a wealthy aristocratic city, as demonstrated by the abundance of valuables located along the remains of dead Pompeians. Golden coins, jewelry and lavish houses adorned with frescoes were extracted from Pompeii at the time of finding, as the volcanic debris preserved much of the city. This is not to say that Pompeii also housed many middle and lower class citizens, slaves being an integral part of the city-town. Much of these influences manifested itself in the form of temples, epigraphy and burial practices and are examples of how much and how many forms of religious impact were seen throughout the city. Seeing how these religions surfaced in Pompeii and Herculaneum can help uncover how these distinct cults and practices impacted the societies. Being one of the most prominent and distinct examples of influence in religion in both societies, the temple of Isis housed a large and devout cult all around the Roman Empire, but very much so in Pompeii and Herculaneum. Being of Egyptian origin, the god Isis was a significant part of both cities, the temple in subject adorned with mosaics of Roman and Egyptian gods, with the god Hermes carved onto the purgatorium. This demonstrates to us that the Cult of Isis did not in a way, interfere with the practices or other religions, but rather integrated into. Isis herself was represented in large of lower classmen, commoners as well as slaves and women. As such, having a large slave and tradesman population, meant that Isis was a popular cult and goddess towards the people. The courtyard itself contained a multitude of chambers and buildings, one of which led to a cistern that held water from the rive Nile. This shows us not only of their devotion to Isis, but it is also evidence of ritual and cult practice. As the Temple was kept intact so well, much of the architecture and detail in regards to the walls and columns tells that the city had strong Egyptian influence, as well as showing us how important Isis and Egyptian religious worship was to them. Such importance in that an Egyptian Temple was built in a Roman city, further enhancing the notion that Egypt had large impact onto Pompeii and Herculaneum. Plutarch stated that the Egyptians were indeed of a very pious nature, but they were not the only cult to call Pompeii its home. The cult of Dionysus, another large following in Pompeii and Herculaneum, was to honor the titular god, Dionysus. Being the god of Wine and festivities, the higher class individuals may have seen the cult as a representation of themselves, demonstrating how it catered to the aristocrats’ own lifestyle, similar to how Isis represented the poor and working class individuals. Dionysus was of Greek mythology, showing us the influence of the Greeks, but it very much resembled Bacchus, the Roman god of similar representation. Dionysus was somewhat worshipped in the Villa of the Mysteries, in which Romans would accommodate its interior. The Villa was a meeting place and a home to many patrons in Pompeii, lined with ornate and detailed frescoes, largely intact. The frescoes depict a multitude of activities and practices, such as rites of passage, leisurely activities such as dancing and instrument playing, as well as featuring Dionysus himself. This was likely some of the many practices that the cult delved in during the villa. It is also interesting to note that the exterior of the villa was closed off and although a large part of the city, it is situated in the northwest of the city, away from the general populace and larger landmarks. In addition to that, much of the rituals and events took place at night and in secrecy, specifically the rites of passage. One could assume that although the worship of either Bacchus or Dionysus was prevalent, the practices and activities that were partaken, especially at night were something to be discrete about. Such a source is useful to us as the Villa’s Dionysus worship is backed by the fact that the Villa and its practices and rituals were placed so far away from other prominent buildings and individuals. Other figures were also incorporated into housing and residences as well, one of them being the Lares. Lares were guardian figures in Roman Mythology and were widely impacted throughout Pompeii and Herculaneum. Many of our references to the Lares are shown in the form of mosaics and statues, particularly around Roman residence. Lares were seen to be protectors, which explains their use around the city. One such residence, the Villa of the Vettii, houses a particular mosaic of two Lares, assumed to be sacrificing another individual, with a snake under them, representing prosperity. Not only this, but Lare statues were placed all around the house and for many other everyday occasions, such as funerals, banquets and births. Cicerobelieved that â€Å"The mose sacred and hallowed place on earth is the home of each and every citizen†, the citizens of Pompeii rightly believing so. One could deduce that the citizens believed that the Lares were directly related to the city’s well-being and that they demanded sacrifices in order to achieve it. In addition to this, the fact that these deities were so widespread and common throughout both Herculaneum and Pompeii, in addition to much of the rest of Rome, shows its usefulness in identifying that the Lares were seen as a very significant and integral part of everyday life. Another significant religious practice in both societies was the use of tombs and burials. The ruins of Pompeii and Herculaneum are scattered with the tombs and burial sites of dead citizens, mostly of aristocratic descent around the gates and leading to the city. The graves collectively formed the Necropolis and are scattered with statues and inscriptions of different gods and followings. This shows us how diverse the religious demographic was in Pompeii and Herculaneum. Many tombs also contained valuables along with their owner’s remains. Things such as jewelry and weapons were found during excavation, detailing that these individuals had possibly believed in an afterlife with the items that they were buried with. It is also interesting to note that Hellenic and Gallic civilizations adopted this practice earlier on, possibly concluding that there could have been Northern and definite Greek influence in Pompeii. It is also a point to make that these tombs were built around the gates of Pompeii and Herculaneum, a place of high traffic. Citizens could then be speculated that they may have treated the idea of death much more positively and more conventionally than how the modern world handles it, the latter in question usually designating graveyards near places of little significance or at least, certainly not of high traffic. The Necropolis in question of its usefulness is very much a key part in understanding the belief of death, its practices in burial and the afterlife as it was and still is, the resting place of thousands of people, all of them, believing that the Necropolis was a distinguished, significant place of burial and where they wished to be encapsulated, many of them bearing and displaying their Religious affinity in either the form of epigraphy or an idol or shrine near their tomb. How to cite Pompei and Herculaneum Religious Archaeology, Papers